منابع مشابه
Antigenic variation in malaria
Parasite variability is a major factor in parasite survival strategies. Some parasites rely on random mutations to create variation, and if the mutation rate is high, as in HIV, this may suffice to create unsurmountable difficulties for the host. Other parasites augment variability by regularly replacing the antigens exposed to the host immune system. African trypanosomes (sleeping sickness) an...
متن کاملSurface alterations of erythrocytes in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antigenic variation, antigenic diversity, and the role of the spleen
The surface of erythrocytes infected with late developmental stages of Plasmodium falciparum is profoundly altered and new antigenic determinants can be detected by surface immunofluorescence using immune squirrel monkey serum. The expression of these parasite-specific antigenic determinants on the surface of the host erythrocyte can be modulated by the presence or absence of the spleen and by ...
متن کاملAntigenic variation in African trypanosomes.
Parasites have developed clt~\'et tricks to evade the deadly immune detense o( d~eu mammalian hosts. Rep.ularly chanting surface coats, that is, anti~enic variation, is one ot the most appealing ~f these trick>. \Vhat ((ruld Be simpler and more effect~\c than t~ fool the immune system ol the host b b regularly changing sudacc al~t igens tllOtt' rapidly thm~ new antibodies can bc made? But m pra...
متن کاملStability and bifurcations in a model of antigenic variation in malaria.
We examine the properties of a recently proposed model for antigenic variation in malaria which incorporates multiple epitopes and both long-lasting and transient immune responses. We show that in the case of a vanishing decay rate for the long-lasting immune response, the system exhibits the so-called "bifurcations without parameters" due to the existence of a hypersurface of equilibria in the...
متن کاملPlasmodium knowlesi: a superb in vivo nonhuman primate model of antigenic variation in malaria
Antigenic variation in malaria was discovered in Plasmodium knowlesi studies involving longitudinal infections of rhesus macaques (M. mulatta). The variant proteins, known as the P. knowlesi Schizont Infected Cell Agglutination (SICA) antigens and the P. falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) antigens, expressed by the SICAvar and var multigene families, respectively, have been stud...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cell
سال: 1995
ISSN: 0092-8674
DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90044-6